Module 5: Abdominal Injuries
Segment 1: Vehicle Safety Devices
References labeled PEDS contain a pediatric element or primary focus.
Topic: Vehicle safety devices
- Beck LF, Downs J, Stevens MR, et al. Rural and urban differences in passenger-vehicle-occupant deaths and seat belt use among adults—United States, 2014. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2017;66(17):1-13. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.ss6617a1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28934184/.
- Fukuyama Y, Motomura T. Seat-belt sign and seat-belt aorta. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(19):1794-1794. doi: 10.1056/NEJMicm2204183 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36342107/.
- Pourmand A, Terrebonne E, Shapovalov V, et al. Prevalence of intra-abdominal injury among patients with seatbelt signs, a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2024;76:199-206. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.11.058 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38086186/.
- Serag I, Scherer J, Popescu EC, et al. A meta-analysis of the incidence of intra-abdominal injuries associated with thoracic or lumbar flexion-distraction injuries. Injury. 2025;56(6):112337. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2025.112337 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40273660/.
- Shkrum MJ, McClafferty KJ, Nowak ES, et al. Driver and front seat passenger fatalities associated with air bag deployment. Part 1: A Canadian study. J Forensic Sci. 2002;47(5):1028-34. doi: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12353540/.
- Stewart TC, Girotti MJ, Nikore V, et al. Effect of airbag deployment on head injuries in severe passenger motor vehicle crashes in Ontario, Canada. J Trauma. 2003;54(2):266-72. doi: 10.1097/01.TA.0000038699.47295.2D https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12579050/.