Module 2: The Biomechanics of Trauma
Segment 6: Miscellaneous Injury Mechanisms
References labeled PEDS contain a pediatric element or primary focus.
Topic: Crush
Bhaumik SS, Finn J, Fleischer C, et al. Crush syndrome diagnosis and management in resource-constrained settings: A Delphi study. PLoS One. 2025;20(9):e0331596. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0331596 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40892802/.
Topic: Burns
- Guidelines for burn patient referral. American Burn Association; 2022. https://ameriburn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/one-page-guidelines-for-burn-patient-referral-16.pdf.
- Baliatsas C, Gerbecks J, Dückers MLA, et al. Human health risks of conducted electrical weapon exposure: A systematic review. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(2):e2037209. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37209 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33576818/.
- Cancio LC, Sheridan RL, Dent R, et al. Guidelines for burn care under austere conditions: Special etiologies: Blast, radiation, and chemical injuries. J Burn Care Res. 2017;38(1):e482-e496. doi: 10.1097/bcr.0000000000000367 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27355658/.
Topic: Blast
- Butterfield E, Wooldridge G, Asfaw SA, et al. Explosive Weapons Trauma Care Collective (EXTRACCT) Clinical Practice Guideline: Transfer of Critically Injured Casualties. World J Surg. 2026;50(8):2455-2470. doi: 10.1002/wjs.70456 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42423140/.
- Explosions and blast injuries: A primer for clinicians Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Web Page). https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/28987.
- Kiriu N, Saitoh D, Sekine Y, et al. Shock wave damage from the ventral side in primary blast injury: An experimental study in pigs. Injury. 2024;55(12) doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111982 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39499985/.
- Neeman U, Hashavia E, Soffer D, et al. Blast injuries: The experience of a level 1 trauma center. Injury. 2025;56(1) doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111839 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39237371/.
- Prat NJ, Daban JL, Voiglio EJ, et al. Wound ballistics and blast injuries. J Visc Surg. 2017;154 Suppl 1:S9-s12. doi: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2017.07.005 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28941569/.
- Rozenfeld M, Peleg K, Radomislensky I, et al. Injuries from explosions: more differences than similarities between various types. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2022:1-22. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2022.118 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35514263/.
- Tollman J, Ahmed Z. Ventilating the blast lung: Exploring ventilation strategies in primary blast lung injury. Trauma. 2022;24(4):271-276. doi: 10.1177/14604086221080020 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/14604086221080020.
- Wang Z, Cheng F, Shi X, et al. Advance on blast-induced traumatic brain injury. World Neurosurg. 2025;199:124115. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124115 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40414539/.