Module
7: Head Injuries
Segment 5: Cranial Vault & Facial Fractures
References labeled PEDS contain a pediatric element or primary focus.
Topic: Focal head injuries
- Kitagawa R, Dengler B, Hawryluk GWJ, et al. Executive summary of the Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines for the management of penetrating traumatic brain injury, second edition. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2026;100(3):371-379. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000004868 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41700745/.
Topic: Cranial vault & facial fractures
- Bavestrello Piccini G, Sfondrini D, Tomulescu SA, et al. Modern management of maxillofacial trauma in the emergency department. World J Emerg Med. 2026;17(1):15-27. doi: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2026.003 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41624619/.
- Castillo Diaz F, Anand T, Khurshid MH, et al. Look me in the face and tell me that I needed to be transferred: Defining the criteria for transferring patients with isolated facial injuries. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2025;doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000004651 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40341445/.
- Chouinard A-F, Troulis MJ, Lahey ET. The acute management of facial fractures. Curr Trauma Rep. 2016;2(2):55-65. doi: 10.1007/s40719-016-0040-4 https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40719-016-0040-4.pdf.
- Diaz RC, Cervenka B, Brodie HA. Treatment of temporal bone fractures. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2016;77(5):419-29. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1584197 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27648399/.
- McGoldrick DM, Fragoso-Iñiguez M, Lawrence T, et al. Maxillofacial injuries in patients with major trauma. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018;56(6):496-500. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.04.001 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29735181/.